Fabrication of a CeO2/LaCoO3 Perovskite@MWCNT Nanocomposite via Sol–Gel and Co-precipitation for the Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzoxanthene Derivatives
Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, P.O. Box 87317-51167, I. R.Iran
10.22091/jaem.2026.16629.1053
Abstract
A novel heterogeneous nanocomposite, 50% [15% CeO2/LaCoO3]/MWCNTs, was synthesized via a sequential sol–gel, co-precipitation, and sonication-assisted hybridization approach, in which LaCoO3 perovskite was first formed by a citrate sol-gel route, then modified with CeO2, and finally combined with multi-walled carbon nanotubes. The nanocatalyst was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while the product identity and purity were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), FT-IR, and melting point analysis. The catalyst's performance was evaluated in the three-component condensation of β-naphthol, dimedone, and aryl aldehydes in ethanol at 80 °C, where electron-withdrawing aldehydes gave faster reaction kinetics and higher yields due to increased carbonyl electrophilicity. The protocol offers mild conditions, short reaction times, and simple catalyst recovery by filtration. The catalytic system exhibited predominantly heterogeneous catalytic behavior, supported by a leaching control experiment and by consistent catalytic performance over multiple reuse cycles. The nanocatalyst also showed excellent structural stability and recyclability over six consecutive reaction cycles without appreciable loss of activity, as confirmed by post-reaction XRD analysis.
Zeraat, A. R., & Moradian, M. (2026). Fabrication of a CeO2/LaCoO3 Perovskite@MWCNT Nanocomposite via Sol–Gel and Co-precipitation for the Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzoxanthene Derivatives. Advances in Energy and Materials Research, (), -. doi: 10.22091/jaem.2026.16629.1053
MLA
Ahmad Reza Zeraat; Mohsen Moradian. "Fabrication of a CeO2/LaCoO3 Perovskite@MWCNT Nanocomposite via Sol–Gel and Co-precipitation for the Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzoxanthene Derivatives". Advances in Energy and Materials Research, , , 2026, -. doi: 10.22091/jaem.2026.16629.1053
HARVARD
Zeraat, A. R., Moradian, M. (2026). 'Fabrication of a CeO2/LaCoO3 Perovskite@MWCNT Nanocomposite via Sol–Gel and Co-precipitation for the Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzoxanthene Derivatives', Advances in Energy and Materials Research, (), pp. -. doi: 10.22091/jaem.2026.16629.1053
VANCOUVER
Zeraat, A. R., Moradian, M. Fabrication of a CeO2/LaCoO3 Perovskite@MWCNT Nanocomposite via Sol–Gel and Co-precipitation for the Efficient One-Pot Synthesis of Tetrahydrobenzoxanthene Derivatives. Advances in Energy and Materials Research, 2026; (): -. doi: 10.22091/jaem.2026.16629.1053
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